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| Nitrogen | A colorless, gaseous element, tasteless and odorless, constituting about four-fifths of the atmosphere by volume and a constituent of all living tissues. |
| Nuclease | An enzyme that, by cleaving chemical bonds, breaks down nucleic acids into their constituent nucleotides. See also Exonuclease. |
| Nucleic acids | Large molecules, generally found in the cell's nucleus and/or cytoplasm, that are made up of nucleotide bases. The two kinds of nucleic acid are DNA and RNA. |
| Nucleotide base | See Base. |
| Nucleotides | The building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide is composed of sugar, phosphate, and one of four nitrogen bases. The sequence of the bases within the nucleic acid determines which proteins will be made. |
| Nucleus | The structure within eukaryotic cells, bounded by a membrane, that contains an organism's chromosomes. |
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