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| Oligonucleotide | A polymer consisting of a small number (about two to ten) of nucleotides. |
| Opalescent | Reflecting an iridescent light; having a milky iridescence. |
| Operator gene | A region of the chromosome, adjacent to the operon, where a repressor protein binds to prevent transcription of the operon. |
| Operon | Sequence of genes responsible for synthesizing the enzymes needed for biosynthesis of a molecule. An operon is controlled by an operator gene and a repressor gene. |
| Organic | Basically the chemistry of natural or synthetic carbon compounds with Chemistry carbon combining mainly with O, H, N, S, P. |
| Original | Abbreviated O.G. Strictly speaking, the specific gravity, but usually taken Gravity to mean the degree Balling or Plato of the wort leaving the brew kettle. |
| Osmotic | The pressure differential that exists between two solutions of different Pressure concentration when placed on opposite sides of a semi-permeable membrane. |
| Oxidases | Respiratory enzymes which catalyze oxidation changes. |
| Oxidation | In a broad sense, oxidation is the increase in positive valence or decrease in negative valence of any element in a substance. On the basis of the electron theory, oxidation is a process in which an element loses electrons. In a narrow sense, oxidation means the chemical addition of oxygen to a substance. |
| Oxygen | An element occurring free as a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas in the atmosphere, of which it forms about 23% by weight and 21% by volume, being slightly heavier than nitrogen. |
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Siebel Institute of Technology - America's Oldest Brewing School